Hair clipping and shaving head



Dec. 27, 1938. AND|5 2,141,895

HAIR CLIPPING AND SHAVING HEAD Filed Mafc'h 5, 1936 i gl- INVENTOR BYM,M-I 4.0L

ATTORNEY.)

Patented 27, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,141,895 HAIR CLIPPING AND SHAVING HEAD Mathew Andis, Racine, Wis. Application March 5, 1936, Serial No. 67,196 7 Claims. (01. 30-43) the flesh and produce a concave groove in that portion of the scalp where the clipping or shaving operation is being' performed; to provide meansfor placing the scalp under stretching ten- !3 sion in the zone where hair is being clipped; to

provide a shearing head adapted for movement along a scalp in either of two directions or for reciprocatory movement, with equal shearing efficiency at each side of the center of the zone of contact; toprovide extremely thin shear teeth for contact with the scalp, said teeth being arcuate and substantially unyielding by reason of the comparative strength inherent to the arch form: to provide means for connecting the arched shear teeth with each other along the crown of the arch for combing or hair straightening purposes and additional reenforcement of the thin shear teeth; to provide improved vibratory cutters for reciprocation along the concave or inner faces of the arched shear teeth; to provide means whereby hair may freely pass between end portions of the shear teeth without beingblocked or prevented from such entry by the vibratory cutter; to provide an improved compressible vibratory cutter adapted to resiliently maintain pressure upon the shear teeth and take up wear; and in general, to provide shaving and clipping heads of small cross section and light weight adapted to be assembled with 55 fragmentary sectional view of the shearing portion of the head in contact with thescalp during a hair clipping or shaving operation.

Figure 4 is a sectional view drawn to line 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a similar view showing a modification.

Figure 6 is a perspective viewof the vibratory cutter bar with its control portion broken away.

Like parts are identified by the same reference characters throughout the several views.

In my former Patent No. 2,037,957, for Hair clipper and shaving clipper, granted April 21, 1936, on a companion application, Serial No. 581,634, filed by me December 17, 1931, I have illustrated a tubular vibratory clipper mounted within a shear plate having forwardly ,projecting comb teeth, said shear plate being adapted for substantially flat bearing contact with the scalp. The invention herein disclosed embodies 4 features which may be regarded as partly divisional to those disclosed in Figure 4 of said former application, although the features common to the two applications are not claimed in the former application.

In the improved shearing head herein disclosed, the body ll] of the non-vibratory shearing member willpreferably have the form of an elongated bar, the rear face of which may be recessed as indicated at II in Figures 4 and 5. Between the recesses, the rearwardly extending andpreferably rectangular projections I2 provide convenient means for connecting the handle to the body I0. Preferably these projections 12 are provided with upwardly and downwardly extending-studs I3 adapted to fit suitable sockets in the nose or forward end Portion I4 of the respective halves of the handle, the handle being divided in a 'plane which includes the longitudinal center line of the shearing head.

It may be understood that any suitable driving mechanism, or even a driving motor, may be contained within the handle, it being common in the art to employ electromagnetic motors for such purposes. Any suitable driving means may be employed, and further illustration and description is deemed unnecessary.

The shear bar Ill is provided with a longitudinally extending tubular passage within which ,a vibratory cylindrical cutter may be mounted.

The forward or working portion of the shear bar It has a quadrant, preferably both the upper and lower quadrants, arcuately slotted to provide curved shear teeth I6 and II, the convergent ends of which teeth are connected by a hair lifting or razor .web I8. The rear ends of the shear teeth l6 and l! are materially thicker cutter ends of the teeth I6, or l6 and i1, is sum-- cient to give the teeth adequate strength notwithstanding the fact that the forward or shearing end portions of the teeth are made approximately as thin as an ordinary razor blade adjacent its cutting edge.

Owing to the arched curvature of the teeth I6, l1, and their connection with the web I8 at their working ends, with progressively increasing thickness to their points of connection with the rear portion of the body Ill, the portions of the teeth which bear upon the skin may be made exceedingly thin without impairing their resistance to strains imposed by any ordinary working conditions.

The vibratory cutter bar is formed to fit the cylindrical bore in the shear bar. It has the form of a cylinder having oppositely disposed longitudinal channels I9 and2il in its periphery between the front and rear portions 2| and 22 respectively. The portion 2| is also arcuately channeled to provide ,arcuate shearing teeth 23,

Between the channels I and 20 the cutter bar is provided with slotsv 25 and. 26 which extend 1 inwardly from opposite ends to permit a limited degree of approach between the portions 2! and 22 when the cutter bar is subjected to compression. The cutter bar is composed of resilient material and is normally slightly larger in diameter than the bore in the shear bar which receives it. It is inserted while under compression and is thus biased for expanding pressure to hold the cutter teeth 23 inresilient pressure contact with the outer cutter teeth I 6 and i1 and web ll of the non-vibratory shear bar.

.Jllhe channels l9 and 20 on opposite sides of the bar between the teeth 2: allow hair to freely enter the spaces between the non-vibratory shear teeth It and I! along the portions in registry with these recesses l9 and 20. This overcomes a serious diihculty heretofore experienced in the use of shearing devices ofthe general type herein disclosed, due to the tendency of a rapidly vibrating cylindrical cutter bar to prevent hair from entering a cylindrical bore in a. non-vibratory shear bar. In analogy to the comb teeth of an ordinary hair clipper, the rear portions of they shear teeth It and I1. may, for convenience of description, be designated as the combing portions.

It will be understood that when the tool is in operation it will be moved back and forth along the scalp or skin, and therefore hair entering the channels l9 and 20 may occupy positions perpendicular to the skin before the vibratory cutter comes in shearing relation thereto, since the hair has relatively longitudinal movement between the ends of:v the shearing teeth.

. Figure 5 the non-vibratory shearing mem- -bera withits recess Ila and coupling projections -|2a may be similar in form to that shown in Figure-1 and similarly slotted to provide cutter teeth 35 and 3B. The web l8 illustra ed in Figure 4 maybe omitted to allowhairtoenter the tubular cavity 31 in the vibratory bar in the manner above described with reference to entry of hair in the channels i9 and 20.

The vibratory cutter bar 30 has teeth ii and 32 and may have a comparatively thick integral rear portion, and the cutter bar may be fitted to the cylindrical cavity in the shear bar under compression, whereby it will be biased for expansion and hold its shearing teeth in firm contact with the shear teeth of the non-vibratory member. I

It is not essential to my invention that hair lifting webs l8 should be employed in the form of construction shown in Figure 4, but the ruse of such webs is preferred for the reason that it is desirable that. each hair should be perpendicular to the skin at the time of severance, Otherwise additional manipulation of the tool over the same portion of the skin may in some cases-be found necessary or desirable.

In operation, the shearing members are reciprocated, preferably with a rocking motion, upon the surface of the skin and with sumcient pressure to compress the flesh and produce a concave depression in the skin. The skin is thus placed under tension throughout the shearing zone with a tendency to cause the hair to spring resiliently to a position perpendicular to the skin. I believe I am the first to provide a clipping mechanismfin which such a tensioning of the skin is made possible, and in which the handle may be held substantially at right angles to the skin or rocked and reciprocated across a perpendicular plane while the cylindrically curved shearing member is pressed against the skin as above described.

This application is continuing or divisional in part to said companion application Serial No. 581,634. In said companion application I have illustrated but not claimed shear teeth having thin working portions and progressively thickening portions connecting the working portions with a shear plate or body, but neither the illus- 1 body, but that the working portion, and pref-' erably the entire tooth, is formed for skin tensioning purposes by compression along the center line of the bearing portion, whereby the work is done in a concave depression formed in the skin and flesh for such tensioning purposes.

In Figure 2 I have illustrated the cutter bar as provided with an actuating arm 50, which hasa split head portion 5| socketed in the portion 22 of the cutter bar, whereby the latter may be vibrated or reciprocated in the shear bar bore. Since any suitable means for vibrating the cutter bar may be employed, the means illustrated may actuating means.

a I claim: I

be assumed to be representative of any ordinary 1. In a mechanism of the described class, a

cutter bar having cylindrically rounded front and rear portions. and oppositely disposed longitudinally extending channels, the front portion being arcuately slotted to provide' shearing teeth, and the material between said channels having slots extending inwardly from each ehd pression.

2. In a mechanism of the described class, a cutter bar having cylindrically rounded front and rear portions and oppositely disposed longitudinally extending channels, the front portion being arcuately slottedto provide shearing teeth, and the material between said channels having slots extending inwardly from each end of the bar in different planes and overlapping relation to each other to allow the front and rear portions to approach each other under compression,

in combination with a tubular shear bar having' a bore adapted to receive said cutter bar under compression and provided with a thin concentric portion arcuately slotted to provide shearing teeth.

' 3. In a mechanism of the describedtclass, a cutter bar of generally T-shaped cross section having arcuate front and rear portions connected along their longitudinally extending centers by a relatively thin web adapted to yield resiliently under pressure tending to force the front. and

rear portions toward each other, said front portion having its curved surface arcuately channeled to provide shearing teeth.

.tively thin web composed of resilient material;

having staggered slots extendinginwardly from each end across the center of the web to facilitate forcing the front and rear portions toward each other under pressure, whereby said bar may, by its own expansion, exert resilient pressure against the walls of a cylindrical bore in a cooperative shear bar.

6. The combination of a vibratory cutter bar having a cylindrically curved working portion along one side, arcuately channeled to provide cutting teeth, said cutter bar also having an operating back portion connected with the concave inner face of its working portion along its longitudinal center line by aresiliently' yielding web, adapted to subject the entire surface of the working portion to substantially equal pressure upon a shear bar arcuately concentric with said working portion.

7. In a mechanism of the described class, a hollow shear bar provided with a longitudinally extending opening in its periphery and having. a

thin working portion cylindrically curved and arcuately slotted to provide shearing teeth extending into said peripheral opening, in combination with a cutter bar having front and rear portions conforming to the inner surfaces of the hollow shear bar, including those of said working portion, and a web spaced from the wall of the shear bar and its peripheral opening, said web being of resilient material adapted to allow the front and rear portions to be forced toward each other under pressure when the cutter bar is inserted in the shear bar, said cutter bear having teeth in pressure contact with the shear teeth of said working portion of the shear bar.

MATHEW ANDIS. 

